创新驱动发展战略
2012年11月召开的中共十八大作出了实施创新驱动发展战略的重大部署。创新始终是推动一个国家、一个民族向前发展的重要力量。中国是一个发展中大国,正在大力推进经济发展方式转变和经济结构调整,努力实施创新驱动发展战略。2016年3月,“十三五”规划明确提出“深入实施创新驱动发展战略” 。2016年5月,中共中央、国务院印发《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》。2017年,中共十九大报告将创新趋动发展战略确定为决胜全面建成小康社会需要坚定实施的七大战略之一。中国实施创新驱动发展战略,就是要推动以科技创新为核心的全面创新,坚持需求导向和产业化方向,坚持企业在创新中的主体地位,发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用和社会主义制度优势,增强科技进步对经济增长的贡献度,形成新的增长动力源泉,推动经济持续健康发展。实施创新驱动发展战略最为紧迫的任务是要进一步解放思想,加快科技体制改革步伐,破除一切束缚创新驱动发展的观念和体制机制障碍。实施创新驱动发展战略是一项系统工程,涉及方方面面的工作,主要措施包括:营造激励创新的公平竞争环境,建立技术创新市场导向机制,强化金融创新的功能,完善成果转化激励政策,构建更加高效的科研体系,创新培养、用好和吸引人才机制,推动形成深度融合的开放创新局面等等。中国将力争到2020年,基本形成适应创新驱动发展要求的制度环境和政策法律体系,为进入创新型国家行列提供有力保障。
The Innovation-Driven Development Strategy
In November 2012, at its 18th National Congress, the CPC made a series of important decisions on the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy. Innovation has always offered important impetus to a country’s progress.
China is a large developing country that is pushing to transform its development model and economic structure, and pursuing the innovation-driven development strategy. For this purpose, the 13th Five-year Plan, released in March 2016, contains extensive measures for its implementation, and the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued in May 2016 the Outlines on National Strategy for Innovation Driven Development. The report to the 19th CPC National Congress held in 2017 made innovation-driven development strategy one of the seven strategies for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
China’s innovation-driven development strategy aims to encourage innovation in all areas, led by scientific and technological innovation. Innovation should be demand-driven in response to the needs of industrialization, and businesses are major players in delivering innovation. The market should play the decisive role in allocating resources, and the full potential of our socialist system should be tapped. The strategy also seeks to enhance the contribution of scientific and technological advances to economic growth, which will serve as a new growth driver and help sustain sound economic development.
As we implement the innovation-driven development strategy, we must free our minds and accelerate the reform of the science and technology system so that we can get rid of stereotyped thinking and institutional barriers that hinder innovation-driven development.
The strategy must be implemented in a systematic manner involving efforts in different areas. The main measures to be taken to this end include creating a favorable environment for fair competition with a market-based mechanism that encourages technological innovation. It is also essential to promote financial innovation to provide more incentives for innovative uses of technology.
Another area of focus is building a more efficient scientific research system, and implementing an effective talent management mechanism for training and attracting competent personnel. A highly-integrated approach is necessary to ensure an open and innovation-friendly climate.
China seeks to have in place by 2020 an institutional, legal and policy framework for innovation-driven development so as to provide a solid basis to put China on track to become one of the world’s most innovative countries.